La obsesión del crecimiento
Resumen
En tiempos precapitalistas y preindustriales el crecimiento económico dependía del aumento de la población, el cual a su vez dependía de la oferta de bienes y servicios para la subsistencia y la reproducción. Sin embargo, desde la Revolución Industrial, el crecimiento del producto interno bruto (PIB) ha sido impulsado por el desarrollo dinámico de las fuerzas productivas, es decir, por una mayor productividad (laboral). Desde la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, las tasas promedio de crecimiento aumentaron notablemente. No obstante, este crecimiento ha sido extremadamente desigual a través del tiempo y el espacio, y ha fracasado en reducir las desigualdades entre personas y regiones en un mundo globalizante.
Citas
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